EASTERN EUROPE

President Trump issued an executive order on 20 September authorising the implementation of certain additional sanctions against Russia. This action includes the imposition of sanctions against a mainland Chinese entity that has been met with outrage in Beijing. More

Poland has reached high-income status over a relatively short period of time and this has translated into remarkable progress in poverty reduction and shared prosperity. Few middle-income countries have experienced such consistent broad-based growth, both fast and stable (on average 3.6% over the past decade). This transition benefited from increases in productivity, strengthened institutions, human capital investments, and sound macroeconomic management. More

Since transitioning from a centrally planned to a market economy, Hungary has made significant economic progress. Investment and private consumption are now among the key drivers of growth supported by the recovery of credit to the private sector, while the brightening outlook in the global and European Union economies is lending strong support to Hungary's trade. Looking ahead, the increasingly tight labour market and subdued foreign direct investment inflows will weigh on output. More